Celý život až do dospelosti prichádzal do styku len zo ženami, čo na jeho povahe zanechalo isté následky. It remains a classic in the history of aesthetics to this day. Nietzsche attended a private preparatory school in Naumburg and then received a classical education at the prestigious Schulpforta school. During the years in Leipzig, Nietzsche discovered Arthur Schopenhauer’s philosophy, met the great operatic composer Richard Wagner, and began his lifelong friendship with fellow classicist Erwin Rohde (author of Psyche). Because much of Nietzsche’s philosophical work has to do with the creation of self—or to put it in Nietzschean terms, “becoming what one is”— some scholars exhibit uncommon interest in the biographical anecdotes of Nietzsche’s life. Categoria: Referat Filozofie Descriere: Sunt destul de cunoscute acum conceptele de Ubermeusch (supraom, fiinĹŁÄ superioarÄ ) – de voinĹŁÄ , de putere, îndemnul trÄ ieĹźte periculos! We strive for accuracy and fairness. Suffering from a nervous disorder, he resigned from his post at Basel in 1879. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He was strongly influenced by the writings of philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. All things are subject to interpretation whichever interpretation prevails at a given time is a function of power and not truth. German mechanical engineer Karl Benz designed and built the first practical automobile powered by an internal-combustion engine. After a stay in an asylum, Nietzsche was cared for by his mother in Naumburg and his sister in Weimar, Germany. Although he was an ardent foe of nationalism, anti-Semitism, and power politics, his name was later invoked by fascists to advance the very things he loathed. The following year Nietzsche was promoted to ordinary professor. During his time in Leipzig, he began a friendship with the composer Richard Wagner, whose music he greatly admired. Friedrich Nietzsche’s home was a stronghold of Lutheran piety. 1844. During his professorship, he published his first books, The Birth of Tragedy (1872) and Human, All Too Human (1878). In this video we will understand how we can all become superhuman, according to the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. Jahrhunderts. His father, Carl Ludwig Nietzsche, was a Lutheran preacher; he died when Nietzsche was 4 years old. He thought through the consequences of the triumph of the Enlightenment’s secularism, expressed in his observation that “God is dead,” in a way that determined the agenda for many of Europe’s most-celebrated intellectuals after his death. His father, Carl Ludwig Nietzsche, was a pastor who died before Nietzsche’s fifth birthday. 1844. One of his most significant works, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, was published in four volumes between 1883 and 1885. Friedrich Nietzsche - Dincolo de bine si de rau - „Faptul ca filozofia nu este o abstractie rece, ci traire, suferinta si sacrificiu pentru omenire il stia Nietzsche prea bine, si a fost pentru el un exemplu. Ai gasit ceva în neregulă cu acest document? Friedrich Nietzsche s-a nascut la Rocken in 15 X. Oktober 1844 in Röcken bei Lützen geboren, somit war Nietzsche ein Kind des 19. Friedrich Nietzsche. Professor of Philosophy; Director, Center for Ideas and Society, University of California, Riverside. When a professorship in classical philology fell vacant in 1869 in Basel, Switzerland, Ritschl recommended Nietzsche with unparalleled praise. Acest referat descrie Friedrich Nietzsche. He was widely known for his ideas and concepts like death of God, perspectivism, the Übermensch, eternal recurrence, and the … His body of work covered a wide variety of topics, including religion, history, arts, culture, science, and philology. One of these was his famous statement that "God is dead," a rejection of Christianity as a meaningful force in contemporary life. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Zu dieser Zeit herrschte eine Reformbewegung namens „Pietismus“. He returned to Basel in October to resume a heavy teaching load, but as early as 1871 ill health prompted him to seek relief from the stultifying chores of a professor of classical philology; he applied for the vacant chair of philosophy and proposed Rohde as his successor, all to no avail. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, Decade of isolation and creativity (1879–89), https://www.britannica.com/biography/Friedrich-Nietzsche, Age of the Sage - Transmitting the Wisdoms of the Ages - Friedrich Nietzsche and his philosophy of the Superman, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of Friedrich Nietzsche, Age of the Sage - Transmitting the Wisdoms of the Ages - Biography of Friedrich Nietzsche, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of Friedrich Nietzsche, Friedrich Nietzsche - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music. Friedrich Nietzsche . A fost condus in sus spre ghetarii erorii grotesti, dar viitorul era, in realitate, taramul Je odkázaný sám na seba, je osamotený, je neistý, ale je oslobodený. Nietzsche and his younger sister, Elisabeth, were raised by their mother, Franziska. Referat - Friedrich Nietzsche Categorie Referate Filozofie Data adaugarii acum un an Afisari 82 Etichete friedrich, nietzsche Descarcari 45 Nota 0 / 10 - 0 voturi. His writings on individuality and morality in contemporary civilization influenced many major thinkers and writers of the 20th century. Význam. Raportează problema Te-ar putea interesa și: Friedrich Nietzsche. Zur damaligen Zeit zeigte man sehr wohl diese Frömmigkeit nach außen. Friedrich Nietzsche s-a nascut la Rocken în 15 X. By this time, his friendship with Wagner had deteriorated. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Nietzsche’s home was a stronghold of Lutheran piety. Thomas Hobbes, an English philosopher in the 17th century, was best known for his book 'Leviathan' (1651) and his political views on society. Friedrich Nietzsche rozvinul svou filozofii na konci 19. století. He had completed neither his doctoral thesis nor the additional dissertation required for a German degree; yet Ritschl assured the University of Basel that he had never seen anyone like Nietzsche in 40 years of teaching and that his talents were limitless. He wrote 'The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism' in 1905. Jakožto brilantní student se už v roce 1869 stal profesorem klasické filologie na univerzitě v Basileji, ale roku 1879 musel ze zdravotních důvodů školu opustit. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844, in Röcken bei Lützen, a small village in Prussia (part of present-day Germany). Friedrich Nietzsche developed his philosophy during the late 19th century. Friedrich Nietzsche ve svých nejvýznamějších dílech týkajících se morálky (Genealogie morálky, Antikrist) vytváří teorii postavenou na negaci dosavadních morálních hodnot. Nietzsche sought refuge in music, writing a number of compositions strongly influenced by Robert Schumann, the German Romantic composer. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) Friedrich Nietzsche je najvýznamnejším filozofom 19. storočia v Nemecku a v Európe. The term, which might be translated as ‘resentment’, though in most places it is generally left in the original French, is usually associated with German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, who defined it as a slave morality. https://www.biography.com/scholar/friedrich-nietzsche. Referat Filosofie - Friedrich Nietzsche [0] Filosofia. Having graduated in 1864, he went to the University of Bonn to study theology and classical philology. Less beneficially, certain aspects of Nietzsche's work were used by the Nazi Party of the 1930s – '40s as justification for its activities; this selective and misleading use of his work has somewhat darkened his reputation for later audiences. Phase Následujících 10 let strávil na cestách po Evropě, kde napsal většinu svých velkých děl. He also wrote Beyond Good and Evil (published in 1886), The Genealogy of Morals (1887) and Twilight of the Idols (1889). Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche byl německý filozof a klasický filolog. Having requested and received a sick leave, Nietzsche in 1877 set up house with his sister and his friend Peter Gast (Johann Heinrich Köselitz), and in 1878 his aphoristic Menschliches, Allzumenschliches (Human, All-Too-Human) appeared. In 1865 he transferred to the University of Leipzig. Because his health deteriorated steadily, he resigned his professorial chair on June 14, 1879, and was granted a pension of 3,000 Swiss francs per year for six years. Wagner appreciated Nietzsche as a brilliant professorial apostle, but Wagner’s increasing exploitation of Christian motifs, as in Parsifal (1882), coupled with his chauvinism and anti-Semitism proved to be more than Nietzsche could bear. Friedrich Nietzsche (1844 1900) je jedním z významných filozofů 19. století, ale originalita jeho filozofie života je nadčasová a přesáhla hranice své doby. Ideile lui Nietzsche au avut și au un impact colosal asupra întregii filosofii moderne. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, cultural critic, composer, poet, writer, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history. He died in Weimar on August 25, 1900. His ideas on individuality, morality and the meaning of existence contributed to the thinking of philosophers Martin Heidegger, Jacques Derrida and Michel Foucault; Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud, two of the founding figures of psychiatry; and writers such as Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre, Thomas Mann and Hermann Hesse. A speculative rather than exegetical work, it argued that Greek tragedy arose out of the fusion of what he termed Apollonian and Dionysian elements—the former representing measure, restraint, and harmony and the latter representing unbridled passion—and that Socratic rationalism and optimism spelled the death of Greek tragedy. Gliederung: Lebensweg Werk 1. The last decade of his life was spent in a state of mental incapacitation. He began military service in October 1867 in the cavalry company of an artillery regiment, sustained a serious chest injury while mounting a horse in March 1868, and resumed his studies in Leipzig in October 1868 while on extended sick leave from the military. Friedrich Nietzsche s-a născut la 15 octombrie 1844 la Röcken, în Germania. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. However, this was also a highly productive period for him as a thinker and writer. Z počátku je fascinován Schopenhauerem - tragičnost ho fascinuje, a z toho vychází. Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. Acest referat descrie Friedrich Nietzche. The essence of all beautiful art, all great art, is gratitude. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844, in Röcken bei Lützen, a small village in Prussia (part of present-day Germany). ... 2.VIATA SI OPERA LUI FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE . His father died in 1849, before Nietzsche’s fifth birthday, and he spent most of his early life in a household consisting of five women: his mother, Franziska, his younger sister, Elisabeth, his maternal grandmother, and two aunts. His attempts to unmask the motives that underlie traditional Western religion, morality, and philosophy deeply affected generations of theologians, philosophers, psychologists, poets, novelists, and playwrights. He became the only student ever to publish in Ritschl’s journal, Rheinisches Museum (“Rhenish Museum”). By 1878 the breach between the two men had become final. Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher during the Enlightenment era of the late 18th century. In 1858 he was admitted to Schulpforta, Germany’s leading Protestant boarding school. Um Friedrich Nietzsche besser zu verstehen sollte man die Zeit, in der er lebte genauer anschauen. His attempts to unmask the motives that underlie traditional Western religion, morality, and philosophy deeply affected generations of theologians, philosophers, psychologists, poets, novelists, and playwrights. Friedrich Nietzsche. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. In the last decade of his life, he suffered from insanity and died on August 25, 1900. Er wurde am 15. In 1869, Nietzsche took a position as a professor of classical philology at the University of Basel in Switzerland. Literary and Philosophical Work of the 1880s. He excelled academically and received an outstanding classical education there. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Friedrich Nietzsche. The future influences the present just as much as the past. German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche is known for his writings on good and evil, the end of religion in modern society and the concept of a "super-man.". Friedrich Nietzsche, German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. Friedrich Nietzsche, filozof al culturii, filolog, scriitor, una dintre personalităţile ilustre ale gândirii moderne din secolul al XIX-lea, s-a născut la 15 octombrie 1844, la Rocken/Lutzen, in Germania, într-o familie de pastori protestanţi. For much of the following decade, Nietzsche lived in seclusion, moving from Switzerland to France to Italy when he was not staying at his mother's house in Naumburg. După. Pietismus bedeutet so viel, wie das Streben nach intensivierter, vertiefter Frömmigkeit. Narodil sa 15. októbra 1844 v Röckene v rodine evanjelického farára, ktorý zomrel, keď bol Nietzsche ešte malý chlapec. In 1864 Friedrich Nietzsche went to the University of Bonn to study theology and classical philology. Friedrich Nietzsche was a famous 19th century German philosopher and philologist, known for his critical texts on religion, morality, contemporary culture, philosophy, and science. Author of. This concept is where Friedrich Nietzsche's essay, "On Truth and Lies in a Moral Sense" (1873) begins its argument. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Vychovávala ho mama. Un filosof care a trait in secolul trecut si a adus un aport important la dezvoltarea conceptiei existentialiste asupra vietii umane (desi nu este nici existentialist, si nici nu a cunoscut lucrarile lui Kierkegaard) este Friedrich Nietzsche. During those early Basel years Nietzsche’s ambivalent friendship with Wagner ripened, and he seized every opportunity to visit Richard and his wife, Cosima. - V piatich rokoch stráca otca, je vychovávaný prevažne ženami v duchu protestanskej zbožnosti, stal sa z neho slabý chlapec, čo si však uvedomoval a pokúšal sa tomu čeliť prísnou sebakázňou. Omissions? It received little attention during his lifetime, but its influence since his death has been considerable in the arts as well as philosophy. His best-known work is the 'Critique of Pure Reason.'. Publikovaná díla Fridricha Nietzscheho bývá rozdělována do tří období. Future Past Present. Others were his endorsement of self-perfection through creative drive and a "will to power," and his concept of a "super-man" or "over-man" (Übermensch), an individual who strives to exist beyond conventional categories of good and evil, master and slave. Friedrich Nietzsche: Ein Referat von Jacques Lenzen Sein Leben Seine Anfänge als Philologe -Geboren am 15.10.1844 in Röcken, gestorben am 25.8.1900 in Weimar -Fiel früh durch musisches und sprachliches Talent auf: Dichtete und komponierte in seiner Freizeit -Gründete 1860 mit Referat Domeniu: Filosofie Data publicare: 05.06.2010. Nietzsche prospered under Ritschl’s tutelage in Leipzig. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Baselin 1869 at the age of 24. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Phase Zentrale Gedanken Quellen „Ohne Mythos aber geht jede Kultur ihrer schöpferischen Naturkraft verlustigt; erst ein mit Mythen umstellter Horizont schließt eine ganze Kulturbewegung zur Einheit ab“ (Werke, I, 145) 2. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (n. 15 octombrie 1844 , Röcken - d. 25 august 1900 , Weimar ) este unul dintre cei mai importanți filosof i europeni al secolului al XIX-lea, care a exercitat o influență remarcabilă, adesea controversată, asupra gândirii filosofice a generațiilor ce i-au urmat. German Romantic composer, pianist and conductor Felix Mendelssohn wrote the Overture to a 'Midsummer Night's Dream' and founded the Leipzig Conservatory of Music. It was undoubtedly “a work of profound imaginative insight, which left the scholarship of a generation toiling in the rear,” as the British classicist F.M. Friedrich spent most of his early life in a household consisting of five women: his mother, Franziska; his younger sister, Elisabeth; his maternal grandmother; and two aunts. © 2021 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. Předně vůbec nedovedu pochopit samotné jeho silné zapálení do tohoto slovního boje proti křesťanství. Nach außen hin, war für alle die Kirche und deren Besuch das höchste G… In 1865 he transferred to the University of Leipzig, joining Ritschl, who had accepted an appointment there. He also began to distance himself from classical scholarship, as well as the teachings of Schopenhauer, and to take more interest in the values underlying modern-day civilization. Phase 3. Corrections? Phase 2. Cornford wrote in 1912. klasické dílko světové filozofie, ve kterém Nietzsche boří tradiční obraz morálky, hodnot a křesťanstv í; Úvodem Musím přiznat, že jsem Nietzscheho četla s nemalými obtížemi. German midfielder Mesut Özil emerged as one of soccer's rising stars during the 2010 FIFA World Cup and his three years with Spanish club Real Madrid. In 1869 the University of Leipzig conferred the doctorate without examination or dissertation on the strength of his published writings, and the University of Basel appointed him extraordinary professor of classical philology. Greeted by stony silence at first, it became the object of heated controversy on the part of those who mistook it for a conventional work of classical scholarship. After graduating in 1864, he attended the University of Bonn for two semesters. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (* 15. október 1844, Röcken pri Lützene – † 25. august 1900, Weimar) bol nemeck ý filozof a filológ. The final 10 sections of the book are a rhapsody about the rebirth of tragedy from the spirit of Wagner’s music. In these works of the 1880s, Nietzsche developed the central points of his philosophy. Despite efforts to take part in the university’s social life, the two semesters at Bonn were a failure, owing chiefly to acrimonious quarrels between his two leading classics professors, Otto Jahn and Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl. During the years at Leipzig, Nietzsche discovered Arthur Schopenhauer’s philosophy, met the great operatic composer Richard Wagner, and began his lifelong friendship with fellow classicist Erwin Rohde. Friedrich Nietzsche, (born October 15, 1844, Röcken, Saxony, Prussia [Germany]—died August 25, 1900, Weimar, Thuringian States), German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. El considera ca nu exista evidente morale, lucruri ce nu trezesc indoieli, ci doar interpretari morale, ce se schimba de la un caz la altul. German philosopher and revolutionary socialist Karl Marx published 'The Communist Manifesto' and 'Das Kapital,' anticapitalist works that form the basis of Marxism. Friedrich Nietzsche - Antikrist. Taking this approach, however, risks confusing aspects of the Nietzsche legend with what is important in his philosophical work, and many commentators are rightly skeptical of readings derived pri… Art Great Beautiful. Max Weber was a 19th-century German sociologist and one of the founders of modern sociology. Nietzsche obtained a leave to serve as a volunteer medical orderly in August 1870, after the outbreak of the Franco-German War.